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-jQy. Avqwr isMG
pRDwn,
SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, sRI AMimRqsr[
mn`uKqw dy Awid kwl qoN lY ky A`j q`k hr Xu`g ivc smyN smyN Aijhy mhwn mn`uK jnm lYdy hn ijnHW dy kIqy mhwn krqvW ’qy kurbwnIAW sdkw ivSv ieiqhws ivc aunHW nUM snmwnXog sQwn pRwpq hY[iksy ny qlvwr dy jOhr idKwey, iksy ny dwrSinkqw dy dIp jlwey koeI hMkwrI bx ky r`b dI qwkq nwl tkrwieAw, koeI inrol iBKwrI bx ky mwnvqw qoN dUr jMglIN DwieAw, koeI zwlm irhw, koeI Awlm, koeI BgqI dw AwSk irhw, koeI SkqI dw ayupwSk irhw[pr pwrKU A`KW dy swhmxy iek Aijhy srb p`KI nwiek qy mzlUmW dy r`iKAk dI mhwn sKSIAq BI auqrdI hY ijs ny Awpxw sB kuJ vwr ky vI ikhw:-
jwn BI, dI hUeI ausI kI QI[
hk qo XUM hY ik hk Adw nw hUAw[
AwpxI kQw bKwnx vwly, mrd AMgmVy purK BgvMq ShId ipqw dy p`uqr, ShId p`uqrW dy ipqw ny 22 dsMbr 1666 eI: nUM ipqw gurU qyg bhwdr ’qy mwqw gujrI dy gRih ptnw ivKy Bv ilAw[
qhI pRkws hmwrw BXo] ptnw shr ibKY Bv lXo]
(bicqR nwtk AiDAwie 7)
Drm ’qy mnu`Kqw dI r`iKAw ih`q hI aunHW ny Awpxy ipqw "ihMd dI cwdr" sRI gurU qyg bhwdr mwqw gujrI qy cwry sp`uqrW ’qy sMpUrn vMS nUM kurbwn kr id`qw[AMq ’c Awpxy pRwxW dI AwhUqI vI iesy mwnv Xu`g leI dy id`qI[Drm qy mn`uKqw dw Aijhw byjoV aupwSk sm`ucy ivSv ieiqhws ivc nw qW A`j q`k pYdw hoieAw hY ’qy nw hI Swied kdy pYdw hovygw[Drm qy mwnvqw dI r`iKAw leI hI 'Akwl purK' ny aunHW nUM ies jgq ivc ByijAw sI[
hm ieh kwj jgq mo Awey]Drm hyq gurdyv pTwey]
jhW qhW qum Drm ibQwro]dust doKIXin pkir pCwro]
(bicqR nwtk AiDAwie 6)
is`K Drm dIAW jVHW nUM Dur pqwl qk phMucwx leI gurU swihbwn ny mhwn kwrj kIqy[ ijs Drm nUM gurU nwnk swihb ny SurU kIqw ausnMU gurU goibMd isMG jI ny pUrw kIqw[is`K Drm dIAW nIhW ivc gurU Arjn swihb qy gurU qyg bhwdr jI ny AwpxIAW mhwn ShIdIAW dI r`q pw ky ies nUM mzbUq kr id`qw[gurU goibMd isMG jI ny pYrW hyT ilqwVI jw rhI mn`uKqw dI r`iKAw krn dI auswrI ArMBI jo pihly gurU swihbwn ny SurU kIqI sI pr aus vyly dy hwlq vMgwr ky kih rhy sn ik A`j gurU hrgoibMd swihb jI dy smyN vWg bIr-r`s dI fwFI loV hY[ies leI Awp jI ny Awpxy dwdw gurU hirgoibMd swihb jI vWg iqAwrI AwrMB kr id`qI[ijs mh`l dIAW nIhW gurU nwnk swihb ny r`KIAW aus mh`l nUM gurU goibMd isMG jI ny pUrn rUp dy ky bnyirAw ’qy ikMgry k`F ky sjwvt kIqI[
ies mhwn SKSIAq dI iviQAw nUM klmb`D krnw koeI sOKw kwrj nhI hY jy ieh kih id`qw jwvy ik jo iliKAw igAw hY AMiqm s`c, hY AsMBv hY[gurU goibMd isMG jI dw jIvn hr p`KoN mMukml ’qy AwdrSk sI[ies scweI nUM JuTlwieAw nhI jw skdw ik gurU swihb dw Awgmn, ivSv ieiqhws dI iek Aiq au`qm Gwlxw sI[
gurU goibMd isMG jI ny 33 swl pMQ dI AgvweI kIqI[ieMnI CotI sMswrk Xwqrw dOrwn hI pRmwqmw vloN sOpy kwrj nUM kr idKwieAw[kyvl 9 swl dI aumr ivc Awpxy ipqw nUM dUijAw dw Drm bcwayux leI blIdwn dyx dI slwh dyxI qy 33 swl dI aumr ivc Kwlsw pMQ dI swjxw krnw, 42 swl dI aumr ivc AnykW Drm Xu`D, kr`qv kOqk qy bKisSW kr murdw ho c`ukI ihMd dI kOm ivc nvI rUh PUk dyxI, nvI jwigRqI pYdw krnI, nIvIAW jwqW ivc XoDy pYdw krnw, pTwxW qy AOrMgjyb dy ivSwl rwj nwl t`kr lYxw, klgIDr dSmyS ipqw dw hI kMm sI[smwj dy d`by k`ucly vrg dy lokW dI swr leI qy aunHW nUM sIny nwl lw swrIAW pRwpqIAW dw ishrw grIb is`KW dy isr bMinHAw qy ikhw:-
ien hI kI ikRpw ky sjy hm hYN,
nhIN mo sy grIb kror pry]
(kysodws pRboD)
gurU goibMd isMG jI dy jIvn dI sB qoN mhwn Gtnw 1699 eI: ivc Kwlsy dI swjxw sI, ijs ny is`KW AMdr eykqw, kurbwnI, dlyrI qy julm ivr`uD ftx dI Bwvnw pYdw kIqI[aunHW ny swrIAW jwqW dy lokW nUM eykqw dy sUqr ivc pro lYx dw Ad`uqI qy mhwn kwrj kIqw[vYswKI nUM Kwlsw pMQ dI isrjxw krn smyN aunHW ny pMj ipAwirAW ivc iBMn iBMn jwqW nUM ieQoN qk ik AKOqI SUdr lokW nUM vI Swml kIqw[sdIAW qoN mwr KWdI zulm sihMdI Aw rhI ihMdU kOm dI hmdrdI qy ihPwzq leI mrd AMgmVy gurU goibMd isMG ny ienHW zulmW qy jwlmW nUM rokx leI l`k bMn ilAw[gurU nwnk swihb dy auqrwiDkwrIAw dw mu`K kwrj gurU nwnk swihb dy sONpy hoey kwrj nUM A`gy qornw sI[aus kwrj nUM ijQy gurU goibMd isMG jI ny auqSwh nwl clwieAw auQy "pIvhu pwhul KMfDwr huie jnm suhylw" dw isDWq dy ky iek inXm b`D bwhrI rUp idMidAw isMG sjw ky smyN Anuswr nvW rUp id`qw[
'mwns kI jwq sbY eykY pihcwnbo' dy isDWq nUM Aml ivc ilAw ky nweI, CINby, K`qrI, j`t qy bRwhmx Bwv pMjW ipAwirAW nUM ieko hI bwty qoN AMimRq Ckw ky aUc nIc qy ielwikAw dw Byd Bwv imtw ky ilqwVI qy inmwxI kOm dy lokW ivc AijhI SkqI dw sMcwr kIqw ik auh ig`dVW qoN Syr bx svw svw l`K AiqAwcwrIAW nwl t`kr lYx dy smr`Q bx gey[aunHW ny eykqw, smwnqw ’qy inAW dw JMfw bulMd r`Kx leI smyN dI v`fI qoN v`fI qwkq nwl t`kr leI aunHW nUM ijhVI kImq Adw krnI peI auh kIqI[ijnHW ny AMimRq dI G`ut pIqI auh Syr bx gey[ ijnHW ny aunHW dI pYrvI kIqI auh dlyr bx gey[ muridAW ivc jwn pw id`qI[icVIAW qoN bwj lVwauxw dI pRiqigAw kIqI[
icVIEN sy mYN bwj quVwaUN[
qbI goibMd isMG nwm khwaUN]
AMimRq Ckwaux dw muK audyS ivAkqI nUM inrBY ’qy in`fr bxwaux dw sI qW ik auh BY-mukq ho ky gulwmI dIAW zMjIrW qoVn leI sMGrS krn[jy iksy qoN frnw pwp hY qW iksy nUM frwauxw vI pwp hY[dsm ipqw dy snm`uK nOvyN pwqSwh dw ieh sMdyS sI:-
BY kwhU kau dyq nih nih BY mwnq Awn]
(pMnw 1427)
dsmyS ipqw ny Kwlsw pMQ dI SkqI dy shwry SkqISwlI, AiqAwcwrI qy AinAWeI mugl SwSn dIAW jVHW ihlwky r`K id`qIAW[ieQy hI b`s nhIN sgoN Awp pMj ipAwirAW qoN AMimRq C`k ky aunHW dy cyly bx gey[sMswr dy iksy pIr pYgMbr ny Awpxy pYrokwrW nUM cyly jW isS qoN vDyry mhwnqw nhIN id`qI pr gurU goibMd isMG jI Awp Kwlsw bixAW qy Kwlsy nUM gurU goibMd isMG bxwieAw[ ieh gurU-cyly dw kOqk vwh-vwh dy Xog sI[
vwh vwh goibMd isMG Awpy guru cylw]
(BweI gurdws isMG, vwr 41)
pRo: ipAwrw isMG pdm Anuswr gurU goibMd isMG ies leI vwh vwh nhIN ik auh Awpxy cyilAW nUM bihsqw dy pty ilK ky dy igAw qy nw hI klgI vwly dI vwh vwh ies leI ik aus AwpxI au~mq dI Kudw pws isPwrS krn dw ijMmw ilAw hY[gurU goibMd isMG qW ies leI vwh vwh dy Xog hoieAw ikauNik aus kItW nUM isMGwsn ’qy ibTwieAw qy mYly kucYly if`igAW-F`iTAW nUM gurU goibMd isMG bxwieAw[mn`uK dI bwhrlI joq nUM jgw ky AMDkwrI sMswr nUM jgmgw dyxw aus dI mhwn krwmwq sI[
'bicqR nwtk' ivc Awpxy jIvn dy mUl audyS bwry gurU goibMd isMG jI ny keI QwvW ’qy sMkyq id`qy hn[aunHW dy jIvn dw mu`K audyS duStW dw nwS krnw qy sMqW nUM aubwrnw hI s`cw smJ ky aunHW ny qlvwr c`ukI sI[aunHW ny Awpxy kilAwxkwrI audyS qy SuB Awgmn dw spStIkrx kr ilAw iliKAw hY:-
Drm clwvn sMq aubwrn]
dust sBn ko mUl aupwrn]43]
(bicqR nwtk AiDAwie 6)
gurU goibMd isMG jI ny Awpxy Awp nUM pRmwqmw nhIN AwiKAw blik pUrn mn`uK bxn ivc KuSI pRgt kIqI qy r`b dw dws AwK ky mn`uKqw nUM aupdyS id`qw[mYkwlP Anuswr, "gurU goibMd isMG ivc iek jwdU vrgI qwkq sI[aunHW dy aupdySW dw Awm lokW ’qy jwdUeI Asr hoieAw[aunHW ny ifgy qy ilqwVy hoey lokW nUM sMswr dy pRis`D XoDy bxw id`qw["
Awpxy audyS bwry gurU jI kihMdy ik auh auhI kuJ kih kr rhy hn jo Akwl purK ny AwdyS id`qw hY[aunHW dw audyS jW inSwnw injI grj jW vYr dI Bwvnw nhIN blik d`sy aupdyS dI pwlxw hY[ pRBU vloN sOpI ijMmyvwrI bwry auh cu`p nhI rih skdy[
jo inj pRB mo so khw so kihhON jg mwih]
(bicqR nwtk AiDAwie 6)
Awp ny smyN dIAW vMgwrw nUM pRvwn kridAw AwpxI sm`ucI ijMdgI hI dyS kOm qy pMQ dy lyKy lw id`qI[Awpxw swrw vMS hI vwr id`qw[gurU jI ny Awpxw Awp pMQ ivc smo id`qw qy pMQ nwl iekimk ho gey:-
Kwlsw myro rUp hY Kws[ Kwlsy my hau krau invws[
(srb loh gRMQ, pMnw 667)
klgIDr ipqw ny Awpxy cwroN p`uqr Drm dI r`iKAw leI ShId krvw id`qy[v`fy swihbzwdy cmkOr dy X`uD ivc ShId hoey qy Coty srhMd dI dIvwr ivc icxvw id`qy gey[Awp kQnI ’qy krnI dy pUry sn[aunHW ny kyvl jMg ivc isMGW nUM hI nhIN ShId krvwieAw blik swihbzwidAw qy ipqw dI ShIdI dy ky srbMsdwnI dw ruqbw pRwpq kIqw qy pRmwqmw dw Sukrwnw kIqw[jdoN mwqw jI ny p`uqrW dy ivCoVy ivc ivAwkul ho ky pRSn kIqw ik myry lwl ikQy hn qW Awp ny jo by-imswl auqr id`qw ieho ijhw au`qr koeI srbMsdwnI hI dy skdw hY[Kwlsw pMQ vl sMkyq kridAW gurU jI ny iKVHy m`Q h`s ky ikhw:-
ien puqrn ky sIs pr vwr dIey suq cwr]
cwr mUey qy ikAw hUXw jIvq keI hzwr]
sMq ispwhI gurU goibMd isMG jI dw sMGrS AinHAW, AiqAwcwr qy AmwnvI kMmW dy iKlwP sI[aunHW dw audyS gurU nwnk dy s`cy Drm dw ivsQwr krnw sI[gurU swihb ny Awpxy is`K pMQ dI r`iKAw leI Ardws krdy hoey pRmwqmw qy is`K ivroDI duStW qy mlyC dy nwS dI mMg kIqI hY:-
duSt ijqy auTvq auqpwqw]
skl mlyC kro rx Gwqw ]
(cOpeI pw: 10)
gurU goibMd isMG jI ny AnMdpur dy AnMd-meI idn vI dyKy[pwauNty dI DrqI ’qy kudrqI nzwry vI mwxy, B`uKW k`tIAw, anINdry vI hoey, nMgy pYrIN kMiFAW aupr mwCIvwVy dy jMglW ivc sPr vI kIqy lVweIAW vI lVIAW[ ieQoN qk ik mwqw ipqw ’qy pu`qr vI vwry[pr iPr vI koeI iSkvw, iSkwieq nhIN kIqI bs kIqw qW kyvl pRmwqmw dw Sukrwnw[AnykW muSklW Jlx dy bwvjUd ies dSmyS ipqw ivc koeI Prk nw AwieAw[aunHW dy ies sihj suBwA ny hzwrw ShId pYdw kr idqy[ijnHW mzlUmW dI Kwqr KUnH bhwxoN guryz nw kIqw aunHW dy rwj dIAw icr sQweI jVHW sdw leI auKyV id`qIAW[fw gokl cMd nwrMg Anuswr, "jykr gurU goibMd isMG jI AOrMgzyb ijhy zwlm smrwt dy twkry ivc aus smyN nw Awaudy qW ihMdU Drm dw dIvw sdw leI gu`l ho jwdw["
A`j vI gurU goibMd isMG jI dy syvkW ivc joS dI kmI nhI hI nw hI ieh zjbw TMfw pY skdw hY ikauN ik ijgr dy KUn nwl jlweI imswl dI praupkwrI loA kdy m`Dm nhIN pY skdI[aunHW dy Aimt pRBwv bwry 'brk swihb' ny bhuq suMdr iliKAw hY[
gurU goibMd isMG ny rUh voh sMgq myN PUkI QI,
klyjw hwQ Br kw Ab BI hY hr isK ispwhI kw[
Ad`uqI ivdvwn qy ivdvwnW dy kdrdwn nIcoN aUc krn vwly ‘SuB krmn qy kbhUM n troN’ vwly gurU jI dw swrw jIvn hI mhwn bic`qr nwtk hY[gurU goibMd isMG jI dw jIvn drSn A`j vI BweIcwrk eykqw mn`uKI AKMfqw dw hwmI hY[ Dur drgwhoN Akwl purK dy invwjy hoey 'suq' siqgurU jI purK dw dwsw bx ky ies sMswr ivc ivcry AwpxI jIvn Xwqrw dOrwn AnykW kwrj kIqy ’qy jgq qmwSw dyK ky 1708 eI: ivc sMswr qoN ividq hoey[gurU goibMd isMG jI dw smu`cw jIvn mwnvqw vwsqy cwnx-munwrw, hY ijs qoN mn`uK pRyrnw lY ky auqSwh, aumwh, ihMmq pRwpq kr mwnv jIvn dIAW bulMdIAW nUM CUh skdw hY[
AsIN dunIAW dy BweIcwry ivc srb swJIvwlqw dy pYgwm nUM qd hI lY jw skWgy jykr AsIN dunIAW dy hr Kyqr ivc gurU goibMd isMG dy pwey pUrinAW ’qy cldy hoey kQnI qy krnI dy sUry bxwgy Aqy gurU jI dy Awgmn purb qy swnMU pRx krnw cwhIdw hY ik jwqW pwqW qoN aupr auT ky mwnvqw dI syvw krIey qy Drm dI cVHdI klw leI hr kurbwnI leI iqAwr-br-iqAwr rhIey[ gurdyv ipqw dy Awgmn idhwVy ’qy swnUM sB nUM ieh Ardws krnI cwhIdI hY ik gurU ikrpw krn, AsI swry inSwn-ey-is`KI dy DwrnI ho ky guris`KI jIvn bsr krdy hoey qy aunHW dy srb sWJy aupdySW nUM swrI mn`uKqw q`k phuMcwx dw Xqn kr skIey[
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